Evaluating effectiveness, safety, patient experience and system implications of different models of using GPs in or alongside Emergency Departments (GPs in EDs)

PROJECT TITLE	EVALUATING EFFECTIVENESS, SAFETY, PATIENT EXPERIENCE AND SYSTEM IMPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENT MODELS OF USING GPS IN OR ALONGSIDE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS (GPS IN EDS)
Funding body	National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research (NIHR HS&DR) Programme
Total funding	£954,863
Team	Prof Adrian Edwards (PRIME, Cardiff University) Philippa Anderson, Swansea University Prof Damon Berridge, Swansea University Andrew Carson-Stevens, PRIME, Cardiff University Dr Alison Cooper, Cardiff University Prof Matthew Cooke, University of Warwick Prof Jeremy Dale, University of Warwick Dr Freya Davies, PRIME, Cardiff University Prof Liam Donaldson, Imperial College, London Dr Bridie Evans, PRIME, Swansea University Dr Barbara Harrington, University of Northumbria Julie Hepburn, Patient Representative Mr Peter Hibbert, Macquarie University, Australia Dr Thomas Hughes, Oxford School of Emergency Medicine Alison Porter, PRIME, Swansea University Prof Tim Rainer, Cardiff University Prof Niro Siriwardena, University of Lincoln Prof Helen Snooks, PRIME, Swansea University
Team/consortium	Cardiff University Swansea University University of Northumbria Macquarie University, Australia Oxford School of Emergency Medicine University of Lincoln
Overarching aim	Our aim is to evaluate using realist methods the effectiveness, safety, patient experience and system implications of different models of using GPs in or alongside Emergency Departments understanding the effects and the mechanisms by which they are brought about in different contexts.
Objectives	In this study we will investigate GPs working in Emergency Departments to ascertain: What are the different ways of working, how are they are organised and how common are they? How do they work in practice? Do they do what they were meant to do? Hospital admissions, re-attendance, waiting times, patient safety and staff and patient satisfaction What are the key factors that lead to a better service?
Methods	Realist evaluation using mixed methods
Outcomes	Effectiveness of GPs in ED models in terms of what works, for whom and in what circumstances.
Outputs	Peer reviewed publications, conference presentations and recommendations for services. Peer reviewed publications: Cooper A, Davies F, Edwards M, Anderson P, Carson-Stevens A,Cooke M, Donaldson L, Dale J, Evans B, Hibbert P, Hughes T, Porter A, Rainer T, Siriwardena AN, Snooks H, Edwards A. The impact of general practitioners working in or alongside emergency departments: a rapid realist review. BMJ Open 2019 2019;9:e024501. Cooper A, Edwards M, Brandling J, Carson-Stevens A, Cooke M, Davies F, Hughes T Morton K, Siriwardena AN Voss S, Benger J, Edwards A (2019). A taxonomy of the form and function of primary care services in or alongside emergency departments: concepts paper. EMJ; 36: 625-630. Cooper A, Carson-Stevens A, Hughes T Edwards A. Is streaming patients in emergency departments to primary care services effective and safe? BMJ 2020;368:m462 Conference presentations and abstracts:
Impact	This study will provide new information on GP-ED models in terms of impact on service provision, patient experience and the effectiveness and safety of clinical care delivery.

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